1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3
1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3
1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3
1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3 1734-RTB3
通常机床主轴电动机制动时，采用的是能耗制动方式，使电动机AB相输入直流电源。
采用能耗制动方式使主轴电动机停止，主轴在低档位低速旋转时，大约需要0.5s，在高档位高速旋转时，大约需要2.5s。目前，采用的主轴电动机制动方法如图1所示，先断开KM1，再闭合开关KM2，从而断开三相交流电源，接通直流电源，延时2.5s，认定主轴电动机停止旋转，然后进行换刀或其它动作。
主轴以不同的速度旋转时，采用能耗制动方式使主轴停止所需要的时间不同，采用同样的能耗制动时间，延长无意义的加工辅助时间，降低了机床工作效率。另外，一旦开关KM2不能可靠闭合，或者直流电源保险断开不能正常提供直流电，则主轴电动机只能在摩擦力的作用下减速，制动时间需要很长，但延时2.5s后，机床数控系统仍然认定主轴电动机已经停止旋转，此时机床进行换刀或其它动作容易造成事故。
因此，我们对机床主轴制动控制方式进行了改进设计，判断主轴旋转状态，不采用延时2.5s，即认定主轴电动机停止旋转的控制方式，而是实时监控主轴旋转状态，当主轴旋转低于一定转速时，立即发出主轴停止完了信号。
2 主轴转速监测方案
在电动机的同步传动轴上安装一块条形铁片，和电动机同步旋转，由接近开关对其检测，每转检测到两个脉冲信号，通过对脉冲信号的检测而得知其转速。检测脉冲信号有两种方案。
第一方案：在一定周期Tp内读取脉冲信号的个数N，PLC是一种顺序控制器，它的程序是由前到后一步一步执行，每执行完一遍为一个扫描周期，然后从头开始循环执行。假如程序有2000步，每步执行时间周期为30μs，则程序的扫描周期约60ms，扫描频率约16Hz，能够准确检测出的脉冲频率应低于8Hz，当转速的脉冲频率大于16Hz，即转速n≥480r/min时，PLC受其扫描频率的影响，不能准确检测出脉冲的个数，情况不好时，会出现高速时检测的脉冲个数很少，误判为电动机基本停止而进行下面动作，造成事故。此种方案只适用于主轴低速旋转状态的监测。
第二种方案：检测脉冲信号持续为“0”或“1”的时间T，当n<60r/min时，发出主轴停止完了信号。由于PLC程序执行过程的延时，数控系统收到主轴停止信号，并执行下面动作时，主轴已完全停止旋转，n=60r/min所对应脉冲信号持续为“0”或“1”的时间T为0.25s，因此我们把检测脉冲信号的计时器设定为0.25s。同样高速时也会出现脉冲测不准的情况，但不管情况多坏，在0.25s的时间内“0”或“1”至少变化一次，因此可以准确地判断主轴是否停止旋转。此方案可以适用于主轴高速或低速旋转时主轴制动状态的检测。在实际应用中，我们采用了此方案。
3 PLC实现主轴能耗制动的控制方法
PLC设计程序中，X20.0为转速脉冲信号的输入，M05为主轴停止信号，Y50.0为主轴停止完了信号。
两个计时器TM1、TM2分别判断X20.0脉冲信号持续为“0”或“1”的时间是否达到设定的时间，只要有一个时间到达，即R100.1或R100.2变“1”，导致R100.3变“1”，此时M05为“1”，导致Y50.0输出“1”，则发出主轴制动完了信号，实现了主轴停止的准确判断。
本公司主营产品：
DCS集散式控制系统、PLC可编程控制器、数控系统、
(CPU处理器、模块、卡件、控制器、伺服驱动、工作站、驱动器、
马达、 内存卡、 电源，机器人备件等)各类工控产品
主要业务:
ABB DCS卡件
A-B 1756，1747，1785系列 PLC CPU，
Siemens 6DD，6FX，6SC，6FC，6S5系列，
Foxboro 系统卡件，
Triconex 系统模块，
Rexroth 力士乐全系列产品，
Modicon 停产模块 等各类工控产品
Schneider 施耐德 140系列PLC,CPU
Ovation 系统模块
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CONTROL TECHNIQUES UNIDRIVE UNI 2401 5.5KW motor drive controller
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DRIVE 125HP 75KW 3PHASE by CONTROL TECHNIQUES
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Control Techniques M25-14ICD Mentor II Drive 10HP ! NEW !
CONTROL TECHNIQUES M45R-14ICD USPP M45R14ICD
CONTROL TECHNIQUES SE2D200150 NSFP SE2D200150
CONTROL TECHNIQUES STDO07 USPP STDO07
Control Techniques Dynamic Braking Unit CD2DBU NEW
Computational Techniques for Voltage Stability Assessment And Control by...
INTERNATIONAL EDITION. Please read the condition note!!
Control Techniques Quantum III User Guide Manual
CONTROL TECHNIQUES 29508000U USPP 29508000U
Control Techniques CT 4Q2/12 Small DC Drive Board Free Shipping Worldwide
CT Control Techniques inverter SE11200037 SE1M
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UNIDRIVE CONTROL TECHNIQUES
CONTROL TECHNIQUES DX-316 USPP DX316
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Control Techniques 810767-05 5' Extension Cable
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CONTROL TECHNIQUES CMDS-025 NSFP CMDS025
CONTROL TECHNIQUES SERVO MODULE
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Control Techniques Commander CD
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CONTROL TECHNIQUES SK2403 USPP SK2403
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Control Techniques Power supply C80021/3.00, Cincinnati Milacron Arrow
ST443RS-6 Control Techniques / Emerson Motor
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Control Techniques CT CDE550 CTS001 5.5KW NEW Free Ship
Control-Techniques-CD75
3 HP Control Techniques Dinverter DIN3220220B #6737LR
AVON Advanced Techniques Frizz Control Shampoo
The Control Techniques Drives and Controls Handbook
FX-455 Emerson Control Techniques
FX-340 Emerson Control Techniques
CONTROL TECHNIQUES MHE-4120-CONS-0000 USPP MHE4120CONS0000
VALERON DIGITAL TECHNIQUES MODEL 722-1147 1183 20HP/110V 2-WAY LIMIT CONTROLLER
Control Techniques Dynamic Breaking Unit
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Control Techniques Commander Drive SE23400220
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Control Techniques CDL05 Drive 5HP ! WOW !
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Control Techniques Dinverter DIN3380300B
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