PLC控制系统抗干扰分析
-> PLC控制系统抗干扰分析
PLC控制系统抗干扰分析二、电磁干扰源及对系统的干扰
1、干扰源及干扰一般分类
影响PLC控制系统的干扰源与一般影响工业控制设备的干扰源一样,大都产生在电流或电压剧烈变化的部位,这些电荷剧烈移动的部位就是噪声源,即干扰源。
干扰类型通常按干扰产生的原因、噪声干扰模式和噪声的波形性质的不同划分。其中:按噪声产生的原因不同,分为放电噪声、浪涌噪声、高频振荡噪声等;按噪声的波形、性质不同,分为持续噪声、偶发噪声等;按噪声干扰模式不同,分为共模干扰和差模干扰。共模干扰和差模干扰是一种比较常用的分类方法。共模干扰是信号对地的电位差,主要由电网串入、地电位差及空间电磁辐射在信号线上感应的共态(同方向)电压迭加所形成。共模电压有时较大,特别是采用隔离性能差的配电器供电室,变送器输出信号的共模电压普遍较高,有的可高达130V以上。共模电压通过不对称电路可转换成差模电压,直接影响测控信号,造成元器件损坏(这就是一些系统I/O模件损坏率较高的主要原因),这种共模干扰可为直流、亦可为交流。差模干扰是指作用于信号两极间的干扰电压,主要由空间电磁场在信号间耦合感应及由不平衡电路转换共模干扰所形成的电压,这种让直接叠加在信号上,直接影响测量与控制精度。
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