梯形图与电气原理图的关系:如果仅考虑逻辑控制,梯形图与电气原理图也可建立起一定的对应关系。如梯形图的输出(OUT)指令,对应于继电器的线圈,而输入指令(如LD,AND,OR)对应于接点,互锁指令(IL、ILC)可看成总开关,等等。这样,原有的继电控制逻辑,经转换即可变成梯形图,再进一步转换,即可变成语句表程序。
有了这个对应关系,用PLC程序代表继电逻辑是很容易的。这也是PLC技术对传统继电控制技术的继承。
可编程控制器基本原理
PLC是基于电子计算机,且适用于工业现场工作的电控制器。它源于继电控制装置,但它不像继电装置那样,通过电路的物理过程实现控制,而主要靠运行存储于PLC内存中的程序,进行入出信息变换实现控制。
PLC基于电子计算机,但并不等同于普通计算机。普遍计算机进行入出信息变换,多只考虑信息本身,信息的入出,只要人机界面好就可以了。而PLC则还要考虑信息入出的可靠性、实时性,以及信息的使用等问题。特别要考虑怎么适应于工业环境,如便于安装,抗干扰等问题。
2.可编程控制器实现控制的要点
入出信息变换、可靠物理实现,可以说是PLC实现控制的两个基本要点。
入出信息变换靠运行存储于PLC内存中的程序实现。PLC程序既有生产厂家的系统程序(不可更改),又有用户自行开发的应用(用户)程序。系统程序提供运行平台,同时,还为PLC程序可靠运行及信号与信息转换进行必要的公共处理。用户程序由用户按控制要求设计。什么样的控制要求,就应有什么样的用户程序。GE THED136040 INDUSTRIAL CIRCUIT BREAKER 40 AMP 600V 3POLE 451G2
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