KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05在井下采煤系统应用
1、采煤机ACS-800变频器的调试运行
ACS-800变频器有着优良的调速性能和显著的节能效果被广泛应用于煤矿及其它众多行业。正确设置变频器的基本参数是十分重要的。兖州矿业(集团)公司济宁二号煤矿总结了采煤机ACS-800变频器调试运行的经验。
①选择语言,设置电动机启动数据。有十五种语言可供选择,应选(ENGLISH)英语,(FACTORY)基本应 用于工厂、(NO)不恢复出厂设置、(DTC)直接转矩控制。根据电动机铭牌选择合适的电压、频率范围、电动机转速和电动机功率等。
②KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05通过设置数字输入端,实现外部启动、停机和旋转方向。加速时间就是变频器输出频率由零频升到最大频率所需时间,一般8~10s。减速时间是从给定最大值降至零频所需时间,一般3~5s。确保加速时不过流、减速时不过压。加、减速时间可根据电动机功率进行计算,实际应用时根据现场情况适当调整,以不出现过电流、过电压为原则。
③加减速模式选择。变频器加减速有线形、非线形和S形曲线运行模式。采煤机启动和运行负载变化较大,且加速度要缓慢,变频器可选择S形曲线运行模式,以满足不同的复杂地质条件需要。
④设置转矩补偿。以此来提高电动机在低速启动时转矩提升,应采取自动补偿功能,确保电动机加速顺利进行。
⑤电子过流保护功能设置。这是为了保护电动机因过流而烧毁,漏电保护功能对电动机及电缆实时监视绝缘情况。工作电流超过设定值时过流保护功能动作,绝缘值下降至设定值以下时漏电保护功能将切断电源,实现保护牵引电动机的要求。
⑥KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05模拟加载调试采煤机。接上电源后仔细观察有无异常现象,然后进行初加速。在加速时限制频率给定时要缓慢,频率上升率不要太陡,以防止出现过电流保护。此时观察电动机转速是否由小到大过渡运行平稳确保电动机接近满载情况下可靠运行。
2、电牵引采煤机变频器故障分析与处理
电牵引采煤机应用变频器替代了原先的液压牵引方式,提高了采煤机运行的可靠性。兖州矿业(集团)公司鲍店煤矿通过大量现场实践,总结出使用和维护变频器的经验,保障了电牵引采煤机的正常运行。变频器位于牵引控制箱的右前侧,主要用于控制采煤机的左右行走速度。
KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05对于采煤机只能进行单向行走的单向牵引事故,除平时经常清理按钮表面的粉尘,并做好防锈处理以防出现按钮卡住现象外,还要加强对插座的维护和保护,控制线在压接时用力适度,线头压得过紧易出现断丝,采煤机振动时易造成线头虚接。
对于采煤机运行时能牵引,但在行走过程中经常出现突然停机,停机后有时有故障显示有时无故障显示,复位后仍能开机的病态牵引事故,先不要急于动手,首先询问司机关于采煤机工作运行情况和故障现象,观察功能显示和参数显示,仔细倾听采煤机运行声音,分清是机械故障还是电气故障,确定故障范围,由点到面层层分析,然后再进行事故处理。
对于采煤机不牵引的事故,其原因可分为硬故障和软故障。硬故障是指采煤机出现不牵引后信息显示直观,能直接从显示窗口上获得故障信息。软故障是指采煤机出现不牵引后从显示窗口查不出各种信息,故障点信息较模糊,难以对事故进行处理。现场处理是更换功率平衡板。该板是易损件,出现类似事故时应及时更换。平常应加强对变频器电源输入联接线的维护,采取隔离和包扎等措施,使变频器电源输入线不与器壁和其它元件接触,可有效防止事故发生。
3、交流电牵引采煤机综合试验台
兖州矿业(集团)公司机械制修厂研制的电牵引采煤机综合试验台,可对MCLE600-DR102102、SL300、MGTY400/900-3.3D三种常用交流电牵引采煤机的电气系统进行测试,并可同时对2台变频器进行试验,由2台变频器分别拖动2台交流电动机,也可一拖一或一拖二。
3.1该综合试验台由3个部分组成。
①交流变频调速试验单元:主要设备有油自冷式调压器、三相异变电动机、直流电动机和数字式直流调速装置、转速转矩传感器、控制台,实现交流变频调速装置电气性能和牵引电机及机械性能的测试,完成变频调速装置保护功能的测试。能测试的项目主要有变频器在空载状态下的工作性能试验、加载试验、温升试验、电网电压波动试验、速度调节范围试验、制动与正反转运行试验、机械调速特性试验。
②计算机信号数据处理单元:核心设备有工业控制用计算机(含模拟量、数字量、输入输出接板)、宽行彩色打印机、信号调理变送电路,主要用来采集来自交流变频调速单元的信号和数据,按照测试项目的要求进行数据处理和显示。
③KULICKE & SOFFA 01483-4047-000-05采煤机控制、监测系统试验单元:共包括监测信号模拟发生电路(分别模拟采煤机牵引部、截割部等处的电流、温度、压力等检测信号,能在规定量程内变化,并具备计量校准的功能,可以代替原信号送检测中心)、采煤机操作信号模拟发生电路(模拟采煤机的各种信号,如送电、牵启、左行、右行等,可以代替原信号控制采煤机各部的动作)、采煤机动作响应显示电路(代替采煤机各部在控制中心输出信号后作出的响应指示),主要对采煤机控制监测系统的功能进行测试。
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