通常交流电动机制动时的机械特性曲线。设A点为正常工作点。电动机同步旋转磁场转速为：
为电机同步转速，为电源频率，为电动机磁极对数。
在通常电动机的制动进程中，电动机先减速，电动机同步旋转磁场转速低于转子转速，工作点在同一转速下由曲线①的A点跳至曲线②的B点，即从榜首象限过渡到第二象限称之为同一转速下特性的跳转，则电机得到反方向的制动转矩T进入发电制动情况，拖动系统沿图1中曲线②活络降速，当低于某一转速后，向定子绕组输入直流，构成固定磁场，发作制动转矩。在这一进程中，电机将通过再生发电制动和能耗制动而毕竟间断。
从理论上分析，假设可以控制电动机同步磁场的转速缓慢降低，使电动机在同一转速下特性跳转时，特性曲线维持在榜首象限，如图1中虚线组③所示缓慢降速，不跳转至第二象限则拖动系统在降速进程中可以有用的避免发作再生制动进程。如图1所示，当电机转速在小于临界转速nh的情况下接入直流进行制动，并相应控制接入直流的大小和时间，理论上分析电机只阅历有限的能耗制动期间，不会过热。而变频器出色的内、外特性可以保证上述各项条件的满足。
但是，选用该方法有一些必要的条件条件，首要，系统不能一再进行启／停，否则会构成变频器直流电路缺点。其次，提升机、电梯等下放重物的工况不适合选用。再次，系统降速时间不能过短，即降速不能过快，否则工作点将进入第二象限发作再生制动进程，致使电机过热。

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